试析高校排球教学中运动损伤的预防     

衷淑萍  邹春英 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):29-29,31

在高校排球教学工作中,做好对运动损伤的预防研究是保证课堂教学质量,实现对学生排球能力培养的关键教育措施。笔者结合实践教学经验,在文中先对排球运动损伤类型进行简述,之后分析了高校排球教学运动损伤的成因,最后对高校排球教学运动损伤的预防策略予以探讨,旨在促进高校排球教学质量的提升,实现对学生的全面素质培养。  相似文献   

The effects of mid-flight whole-body and trunk rotation on landing mechanics: implications for anterior cruciate ligament injuries     

Meghan L. Critchley  Daniel J. Davis  Michaela M. Keener  Jacob S. Layer  Margaret A. Wilson  Qin Zhu 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(4):421-437

ABSTRACT

The purpose was to quantify the effects of mid-flight whole-body and trunk rotation on knee mechanics in a double-leg landing. Eighteen male and 20 female participants completed a jump-landing-jump task in five conditions: no rotation, testing leg ipsilateral or contralateral (WBRC) to the whole-body rotation direction, and testing leg ipsilateral (TRI) or contralateral to the trunk rotation direction. The WBRC and TRI conditions demonstrated decreased knee flexion and increased knee abduction angles at initial contact (2.6 > Cohen’s dz > 0.3) and increased peak vertical ground reaction forces and knee adduction moments during the 100 ms after landing (1.7 > Cohen’s dz > 0.3). The TRI condition also showed the greatest knee internal rotation angles at initial contact and peak knee abduction and internal rotation angles and peak knee extension moments during the 100 ms after landing (2.0 > Cohen’s dz > 0.5). Whole-body rotation increased contralateral knee loading because of its primary role in decelerating medial-lateral velocities. Trunk rotation resulted in the greatest knee loading for the ipsilateral knee due to weight shifting and mechanical coupling between the trunk and lower extremities. These findings may help understand altered trunk motion in anterior cruciate ligament injuries.  相似文献   

论校园伤害事故中的相关法律责任     

魏红兰 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2006,25(2):133-134

近年来,未成年人在校学习期间遭受人身损害或造成他人人身损害的事件屡有发生,对此类问题的处理一直是社会关注的热点。就此类事故中如何承担责任及受害人提起损害赔偿请求的法律依据进行论述,提出承担该责任的主体的范围及其承担责任的基本原则。  相似文献   

针刀松解法治疗膝骨关节炎临床对照研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张义  郭长青  张秀芬  俞杰  权伍成  付平  黄永强 《中国科技信息》2007,(18):219-220,222

目的：通过与电针治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效进行对比，观察针刀对膝骨关节炎患者各项指标的影响以及总体疗效如何。方法：采用随机、对照的方法，试验组24例，采用针刀治疗；对照组24例，采用电针治疗。对比两组临床疗效。结果：（1）经过3周的治疗，电针组和针刀组均取得了一定的近期效果，与治疗前相比各项指标均有显著改善，两组的有效率比较无显著差异。（2）疗效的趋向性与治疗方法有关，针刀组更加趋向于临床治愈（P=0.04）。（3）两组患者治疗前后自身指标分值比较：疼痛、关节僵硬、生理功能、压痛、肿胀、关节活动度均有下降，具有统计学意义；针刀组与电针组治疗后各指标分值比较，疼痛、关节僵硬、生理功能、压痛、肿胀均无统计学意义。针刀组患者治疗后关节活动度显著优于电针组。结论：通过上述研究认为针刀治疗膝骨关节炎近期疗效良好，值得进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

高职院校对伤害事故安全意识的现状研究     

欧湘庆 《南昌教育学院学报》2011,26(5):95-95,97

学生伤害事故日益成为困扰学校工作和阻滞学校发展的严重问题。如何利用法律手段妥善处理学生伤害事故,减少学生伤害事故对学校教育教学秩序的负面影响,切实维护学校、教师和学生的合法权益,就成为一个具有重要意义的现实问题。通过文献分析法、问卷调查法、访谈法,研究我国高校安全意识的现状,提出相应的提升对策。  相似文献   

基于和式太极三直五顺拳理对预防太极拳运动膝关节损伤的研究     

牛炎涛  刘巧芳 《搏击·武术科学》2015,(6)

文章通过太极拳运动对膝关节损伤的相关文献查询,得出常见的太极拳运动膝关节损伤病例,对文献结论分析得出造成损伤的因素有两个方面,一是动作技术不正确不规范造成,二是膝关节受力过重造成。通过对和式太极拳三直五顺拳理要求分析,得出五顺是太极拳动作技术要求,三直是减轻膝关节受力要求,与造成膝关节损伤的两个方面具有对应关系,提出三直五顺拳理对练习者的要求在保护膝关节损伤的重要性。  相似文献   

篮球专业学生功能性运动测试及结果研究     

王东礼 《体育科技文献通报》2015,(2):64-67,122

本文通过文献资料、实验法等,运用功能性运动测试(FMS),对某高校2011级部分篮球专选学生进行损伤情况调查及实验测试。结果表明:出现过轻度的人数为33人次,占总人数的89.1%,出现过中度损伤的人数为21人次,占总人数的56.7%,有过重度损伤经历的有7人次,占总人数的18.9%,损伤类型依次为皮肤擦伤、扭伤、肌肉拉伤、关节脱臼、骨折。最容易出现损伤的部位为手指、手腕关节。FMS测试6名学生中没有出现不及格现象。结论:体育教育专业篮球专项学生应加强对运动员损伤预防及伤后处理的教育,提高自我保护意识;加强场地器材和医务监督,从思想上重视损伤带来的危害。  相似文献   

运动员腘绳肌致伤风险与防范策略          下载免费PDF全文

李钊 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(4):64-73

腘绳肌拉伤是当前世界竞技体育面临的亟待解决的热点与重点问题之一。结合最新的研究进展，对腘绳肌致伤的风险因素、机制、评价以及训练防范机制进行梳理，认为肌肉收缩适宜长度缩短、力量不均衡、准备活动不充分是造成腘绳肌拉伤的主要因素；等速测力法与实地测试法评价腘绳肌拉伤的有效性还需进一步研究；在训练实践中建议采用腘绳肌离心训练的方式，逐渐增加训练时间、强度、频率，课次间歇至少48 h等训练策略，能够有效避免腘绳肌运动拉伤。  相似文献   

Understanding forearm fractures in young children: Abuse or not abuse?     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

This retrospective study describes the characteristics and mechanisms of forearm fractures in children <18 months adding to the evidence-base about forearm fractures. It also examines which features of forearm fractures in young children may help discriminate between abusive and noninflicted injuries. Electronic medical records were reviewed for eligible patients evaluated between September 1, 2007 and January 1, 2012 at two children's hospitals in Chicago, IL. The main outcome measures were the type of fracture and the etiology of the fracture (abuse versus not abuse). The 135 included patients sustained 216 forearm fractures. Most were buckle (57%) or transverse (26%). Child protection teams evaluated 47 (35%) of the patients and diagnosed 11 (23%) as having fractures caused by abuse. Children with abusive versus non-inflicted injuries had significant differences in age (median age 7 versus 12 months), race, and presence of additional injuries. Children with abusive forearm fractures often presented without an explanation or a changing history for the injury. Children with non-inflicted forearm fractures often presented after a fall. No particular type of forearm fracture was specific for child abuse. Any forearm fracture in a young child should be evaluated with special attention to the details of the history and the presence of other injuries. Young age, additional injuries, and an absent or inconsistent explanation should increase concern that the fracture was caused by child abuse.  相似文献   

Influence of sex and limb dominance on lower extremity joint mechanics during unilateral land-and-cut manoeuvres     

Joshua T. Weinhandl  Bobbie S. Irmischer  Zachary A. Sievert  Kevin C. Fontenot 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(2):166-174

Limb dominance theory suggests that females tend to be more one-leg dominant and exhibit greater kinematic and kinetic leg asymmetries than their male counterparts, contributing to the increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury among female athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the influences of sex and limb dominance on lower extremity joint mechanics during unilateral land-and-cut manoeuvres. Twenty-one women and 21 men completed land-and-cut manoeuvres on their dominant limb as well as their nondominant limb. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were calculated bilaterally for the entire stance phase of the manoeuvre. Women performed land-and-cut manoeuvres with altered hip motions and loads as well as greater knee abduction at touchdown compared to men. Dominant limb land-and-cut manoeuvres where characterised by decreased hip flexion at touchdown as well as decreased hip flexion and adduction range of motion compared to nondominant land-and-cuts regardless of sex. The observed sex differences are consistent with previous research regarding mechanisms underlying the sex disparity in anterior cruciate ligament injury rates. However, observed differences regarding limb dominances appear somewhat arbitrary and did not suggest that the dominant or nondominant limb would be at increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury.  相似文献